The Search for Wisdom Essay Example For Students

The Search for Wisdom Essay The Search for WisdomWisdom, as defined in the dictionary, is the sum of learning through the ages; knowledge. Platos Socrates indicates that wisdom is the acknowledgement of ignorance. This statement may be hard to prove as true. If a deaf and dumb man came to realize that he knew nothing, because he is not able to learn it, does this make him wise? I do not believe so. Then, if a prominent professor who has studied for years and has learned many things, comes to believe that he is ignorant to the true ways of the world, does that make him wise? Possibly so. So, what is the difference here? The difference is knowledge. I believe, and the dictionary points to the fact that, one must contain a great deal of knowledge to be wise. We will write a custom essay on The Search for Wisdom specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In Apology, Socrates says that What is probable, gentlemen, is the fact that the god is wise and that his oracular response meant that human wisdom is worth little or nothing This statement comes from Socrates after he has searched Athens for a person that was wise. It may be true that his god was wise, as gods are usually all-knowing beings. But what makes a god wise? It must be his knowledge of all earthly things. Then, why is human wisdom worth little or nothing? It may seem like human wisdom is worth little or nothing in comparison with the wisdom of the gods, though in comparison to other humans, why should human wisdom be worth little or nothing? I believe that human wisdom is worth a great deal, and that there are humans who are quite wise, though they may not have admitted that they were ignorant. It may be a wise thought, to believe that you are ignorant, because there is so much out there in the world to learn that no human could ever learn it all; but does wisdom come solely from this admission? If a group of people truly desired wisdom, should they just come to realize that there is so much in the world to learn that they should never attempt to learn it all, and therefore be wise because of this? I do not believe so. I believe that for this group to be wise they must search throughout their whole lives for bits of knowledge that will possibly make them wise, and knowledgeable, in the future. Wisdom, then, seems to be a parallel to knowledge.When Socrates is searching for men that are wiser that him, he looks at the politicians, poets, and craftsmen of Athens. In the example of the craftsmen, Socrates states that yes, they must have a knowledge of their craft, but because they were wise in this way, they thought they could speak knowledgably about many other things that they did not know much about. I agree with Socrates in the fact that many people do carry a false sense of wisdom, and think that they are right even in situations they know little about. The problem I see here is that Socrates indicates that these craftsmen must not be wise because they have this false sense of knowledge about other subjects. I believe that these craftsmen could still be wise, and wrong about certain things, at the same time. For example, if you were to go ask a doctor about a medical procedure, he would surely give you a wise answer, because he has the knowledge to do so. Along the same lines, if you ask a politician about a political question, he will probably give you a wise answer as well. But if you ask this same doctor the political question, he will still answer, but not in a way that a politician could. Does this make the doctor un-wise? I do not think so. So the doctor is knowledgeable in the area of medicine, just as the craftsman was knowledgeable in the area of his craft. .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 , .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .postImageUrl , .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 , .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:hover , .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:visited , .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:active { border:0!important; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:active , .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072 .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u502a874ab2eeec92da8d22bfc8787072:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Performance Enhancing Drugs Essay Does this mean that the doctor is wise when it comes to medicine? Yes, I believe it does, as I believe that the craftsman was wise in his craft. This may again illustrate the idea that wisdom and knowledge are parallel, and

DermaCare Essay Example

DermaCare Essay Example DermaCare Essay DermaCare Essay Headquartered in Livermore, California, Deer macabre was a start-up even true that planned to market its There unclear acne-treatment device d directly to consume mere using direct response television Scimitar was Dressmakers CEO, and he h and his co founders, Lu Uzi Dad Silva and George Choir were excited AIBO UT the company NYSE prospects. Early clinical trials show wed that the Thermonuclear acne device made pimp apples disappear twice as quo quickly as those left untreated. With those results in hand, Iconic mar and Chi hoi approached angel investors, including Silicon Valley-based V Band of Angels, to raise a Series A ROR undo. Just beef re Thanksgiving vine, the Band Of Angels sent Scimitar a term sheet that offered the company NY $1. 5 million on, assuming a $4. 5 million n pacification Eng valuation. Shortly thereafter, the CEO unexpectedly received d a competing Eng term sheet from Foundation Capital, a venture capital (PVC) firm where his good friend and form mere businesses school classmate Charles Mold was partner. The Vics term sheet offered the com many $4. 0 million in fun ending, assuming a $7. 65 million fascinating value caution. Mold owe structured d the proposed d deal so that Daydreamer would receive e$l million on up front an ND the remain ender after thee Food and Drug D Administration (FDA A) gave Dermatome clearance to market its acne deep vice. Scimitar was in a quandary. The angel and PVC offers were markedly different, and Scimitar was still deciding which one to t recommend d to Dad Silvia and Chi. On O first glean once, the angel term sheet seemed Moore attractive. It offered thee level of fun ending the com many had asked for with h less who whether the $11. 5 million was w really ad adequate to get the dilution. However, the CEO wondered company past the next hurdle. The clinical trials were taking longer than expected, which would w delay FDA paper oval; and thee manufacturing costs for the device were comic Eng in higher than anticipated. On en thing Scimitar knew for certain: He H was eager to close the financing ROR undo. The corn many was running short on cash an ND had recently increased its monthly burn rate after hiring its first employ eye-?an Eng ginger. Furthermore, Deer macabre was at best several months from launching Eng its There unclear device, and a com imitative prod duct-?the Ozone Zit Zapper-?had already beaten them to market. Scimitar a was also ready to get a paycheck; he h had spent the last year working on 0 the Deer macabre venture without pay. Jasper barked at the front door, clearly anxious to get outside De. As mar thought about the or out they woo old take aura undo the tree-lined neighbor Rhoda, he decided to vary their usual walk to avoid his friend Mallows ho use a block away way. Professor or Richard G. Ham mummers and Research Associate Lauren Barley prepared d this case. HOBS cases are developed solely as the basis for class discussion. Cases are not in intended to serve ass endorsements, so urges of primary data, or illustrations of effective or ineffective management. Get 0 2007, 2010 President and Fellow of Harvard College. To order copies or request perm mission to reproduce materials, call 1 -8800-copyright 7685, write Harvard Busing news School publish hint, Boston, MA 021 63, or go to Hobs. Hard vary. Deed. No part of this publication n may be reproduce cued, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spread dishes, or transmitted in any form or by any mean ins-?electronic, mechanical, photocopy Opining, recording or o otherwise-?with hoot the permission of Harvard Busing news School. This document is authorized for use only by Rachel van Muenster in Entrepreneurial Law and Finance taught by Rafael P. Ribs, at HE OTHER from February 2015 to March 2015. 808-064 Daydreamer: Zapping Zits Directly Daydreamer Expounders Luis Dad Silva Dad Silva, a native of Canada, received a PhD in physics from the University of British Columbia in 1988. Soon thereafter, Dad Silva moved to California for the opportunity to work with the worlds most powerful laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LEN). By 1997, Dad Silva was ready for a new halogen. He and his boss then started the medical technology program at LEN, and Dad Silva explained his role as its associate program director: Our mission was to take technology and patents developed at the lab and transfer them to the medical industry. My first experience was to pitch some technology the lab had for treating strokes. We visited some Vs., and eventually a group of Vs. found a CEO and formed a startup to license and commercialism our technology. I was the science guy responsible for the patents and technology, and my involvement with the company lasted about year until the start-up grew up and took over the opportunity. Dad Silva continued to grow the medical technology program within LEN, earning a Federal Laboratory Consortium award for excellence in technology transfer in 1998. But Dad Silva left the LEN in 2001. As he recalled, Increasing security concerns at the lab arose, which made growth more difficult. Bureaucracy began to slow everything down until I was doing very little real science and very little real business. Dad Silva and two colleagues started a technology incubator in 2001 to form companies around ideas the three tainted. Two of their companies, Tetrahedral Systems (a plastic surgery device company) and Imaging Corporation (a consumer products company), were already operational and had received funding by 2002. George Choc Choc met Dad Silva in late 2001. Choc had graduated from University of California, Berkeley, with a BBS in electrical engineering and computer science. After receiving a law degree from the university of California, Los Angels, Choc joined the law firm Wilson, Session, Goodrich Roasts in 1 990 and worked primarily with PVC-backed medical device start-up companies in the Bay Area. In 1995, Choc hopped the fence, becoming a venture capitalist with Indenture Associates, a firm founded in 1986 to fund seed and early- stage investments in medical technology. It was at Indentures that Choc met Dad Silva, who pitched Choc several companies Dad Silva was thinking of incubating and running. Choc described their first meeting: Luis came to me with some deals, which I turned down. But I must have done it in a reasonable manner, because we kept up a relationship, talking at times about various medical technologies. One of the ideas Choc and Dad Silva discussed was using lasers for acne applications. There were many forms of acne, ranging from blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples to severe forms such as cystic or modular acne. Dad Silva, whose scientific background was with lasers, had seen dermatologists use laser technologies in the treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne, most commonly referred to as pimples, breakouts, blemishes, or zits. Choc summarized the science behind the laser treatments: Lasers treat acne in two possible ways. At certain wavelengths-?or colors-?lasers go into the skin tissue and generate oxygen radicals, which kill the bacteria and reduce inflammation. At other wavelengths, lasers are basically heat sources that reduce sebum [an oily substance produced by certain skin glands] production by killing and reducing the number of se baceous glands. This decreases the likelihood that excess sebum clogs pores, which can lead to acne. 2 Entrepreneurial Law and Finance taught by Rafael p. Ribs, at HE OTHER from However, a laser was an expensive solution for treating acne. Dad Silva and Choc believed they could replace a laser, which cost between $20,000 and $50,000, with a $5 to $10 heater using a thinning resistor (a thin piece of metal that converts electrical current into heat). As Choc explained, We believed our device could offer similar therapeutic benefits to a laser, but at a much lower cost. Peter Scotch Scimitar Born in Switzerland to a Swiss father and Greek mother, Scimitar earned a bachelors degree from Brown Leistering and an MBA from Harvard University in 1993. By 2002, Scimitar joined Weber Communications (a software company that provided on-demand collaboration applications such as web conferencing), where he was vice president of customer success. A couple of years later, Scimitar left Weber to become vice president of sales and marketing for Lives Inc. Scimitar recalled his experience there: Lives was a virtual call center, and I ran revenue, sales and marketing, product management, and account management. I learned the direct- response television business there. I got to know products like proactive [a three-step skin-care system for clearing and preventing acne], the George Foreman Grill, and Jack Lane Juicer. We tend to think of direct-response businesses-?with their infomercials-?as real schlock businesses. But I watched these companies come up with product ideas, put them on TV, and the phones were ringing off the hook. I learned that when you matched the right products with the right audiences, they were great businesses. A few months into his job at Lives, Scimitar had Choc over to his home. The two had become good friends several years earlier while organizing a school camping trip for their same-aged daughters. Scimitar described the conversation they had in October 2004: George said he wanted to start distributing a printer that could print any JEEP image you wanted on a fingernail-?like a flag or a picture of your kids or dog-?that Luis developed for his Start-up company Imaging. He wanted to know if DRAT would work for it. Old George it was never going to fly. If he looked at the number of people who owned computers, who also watched TV infomercials, and who bought products on TV, there wasnt a big enough market. Plus, the cost of sales was going to be $45 at best, which meant theyd have to sell it for $250 to make any money after marketing and fulfillment costs. A little later into the evening, the two discussed another business opportunity. Scimitar continued: Then George said, What if had a product with a much lower cost of goods-?that was under $10 to manufacture-?that could help clear pimples faster? I replied, Ill write you a check for $100,000 right now if it works. George couldnt understand why I would do that. Coming from his world of PVC-backed medical device start-ups, George assumed the acne device would be sold to dermatologists using a specialized sales force. There are 7,500 dermatologists; the product would sell for $400; each patient would buy a $30 replaceable tip; at the end of the day, it would be a $50 million business. I responded, Why waste your time with 7,500 dermatologists? There are millions of people with acne. And, at a $10 cost of goods, could sell it for $49. 95 on TV, all day long. Sell a million at $50 a pop, and that starts to look more interesting. Then make it two million, then three million. Add some topical acne treatments to the product line and turn a $50 sale into $150. 3 Company Background By November 2004, Dad Silva and Choc were ready to form a company around their Thermonuclear acne-treatment device. Choc sought Scimitars advice as they began their CEO search. Choc recalled, l had largely forgotten the discussion Scotch and had had the previous month. Hough Scotch might know someone he could recommend for the CEO position. I was surprised when he said he wanted the job. As Scimitar took Choc down to Los Angels to meet with gurus in the DRAT industry, Choc warmed to the idea of having Scimitar as the companys CEO. Choc recalled, The head guru didnt throw us out, which I thought was a good sign. In fact, he gave us a allowable offer for the company. I could have been offende d. Instead, thought, Wow, there must be something there. And you know what? Scotch could make a good CEO. Dad Silva quickly agreed, adding, All Scotchs previous employers had glowing comments about him. He also really believed in the product-?he tested the device on himself, and he was ailing to put his own money in down the road and not take a salary until we could raise money. Scimitar remained at Lives over the next five months but began working on a business plan with Choc. In late November, Choc and Dad Silva filed the articles of incorporation, calling their new company Daydreamer. The two contributed $10,000 each for early product development and intellectual property work. They wrote and filed provisional patents on their idea by the end of the year. The Thermonuclear Acne-Treatment Device In January 2005, Dad Silva began early concept work on the first prototype of the acne device. He farmed the project out to a group of Russian nuclear scientists he had met while working at LEN. The Russian scientists chose equity in the company instead of getting paid for their services. Scimitar commented: These guys are gods in the physics world. There are material scientists, electrical engineers-?all under one roof. Luis told them what we wanted, and what it had to do. In two weeks, We had the first concept. Luis burned his face, but that was part of the development cycle. We tested a whole bunch of different capacitance capabilities, and wed sit there and say, Wows that feel? Gaga! By February 2005, the first prototype was ready for testing. The device, which was AC powered, used a very short blast of high heat on the surface of the skin to reduce the inflammation and redness caused by acne pimples. It was a big box with knobs that controlled the four temperature settings, ranging from 60 degrees to 1 20 degrees Celsius. Two wires ran from the box to a thin- film resistor that was applied directly to the skin. Dad Silva called it the Frankincense version of the device. Choc added, l had friends who told me, Dont get near me with that thing. Nonetheless, the three found some ailing family members (including Cohos wife and daughter), friends, and colleagues who tried the device, accumulating anecdotal evidence that their invention worked. Business Model In spring 2005, Scimitar fine-tuned Dressmakers business model. His research indicated that roughly 45 million people suffered from acne in the U. S. Lone and spent approximately $2 billion on over-the-counter (ETC) treatments, many of which were ineffective. ETC treatments could be classified as either preventative or spot. Preventative treatments were designed to clean skin to prevent pore blockages (e. G. , daily cleansers or exfoliates) or deliver medication (e. G. , benzene peroxide or salicylic acid) to the surface Of the skin to help prevent n ew acne breakouts. Topical spot 4 treatments were used to clear pimples faster once they had occurred. Scimitar commented, There was no clear evidence that any of these spot treatments worked. They were basically marketed as hope in a Daydreamer planned to sell the Thereafter product line, which included the acne device (spot) and a line of topical acne treatments (preventative), directly to consumers using infomercials that targeted women and mothers of teens with acne. Scimitar explained the companys rationale behind using DRAT to distribute its products: We believed the potential market was much larger by selling our product line directly to end users rather than using a specialized sales force to call On the 7,500 dermatologists who would then sell it to their patients. We debated using the retail channels for distribution, but a typical brand-management company spends $50 to $1 00 million to launch a consumer product at retail. It gives 40% to 60% of the profit away immediately to the retailer who is selling it. And the company still needs to spend money on building wariness of its product. I thought we could sell Thereafter directly to the consumer using DRAT. Our marketing and fulfillment costs would be high, but they wouldnt equal the amount we would give away to the retailer under the first scenario. According to Scimitar, there were several keys to success in the DRAT environment. He described what these were and why Thermonuclear was well positioned for success: First, there has to be a large population of people who want or need the product, which means it typically has to appeal to one of three core needs: l want to feel better about myself-? or look better; l want there to like me more; or l want to save time and be more efficient. Second, the product has to be demonstrable with compelling testimonials.

Apple Supplier Foxconn Employs 14YearOlds

[3] The theory of internalization itself is based on the transaction cost theory. [3] This theory says that transactions are made within an institution if the transaction costs on the free market are higher than the internal costs. This process is called internalization. [3] For Dunning, not only the structure of organization is important. 3] He added 3 more factors to the theory:[3] Ownership advantages[1] (trademark, production technique, entrepreneurial skills, returns to scale)[2] Ownership specific advantages refer to the competitive advantages of the enterprises seeking to engage in Foreign direct investment (FDI). The greater the competitive advantages of the investing firms, the more they are likely to engage in their foreign production. [4] Location advantages [5](existence of raw materials, low wages, special taxes or tariffs)[2] Locational attractions refer to the alternative countries or regions, for undertaking the value adding activities of MNEs. The more the immobile, natural or created resources, which firms need to use jointly with their own competitive advantages, favor a presence in a foreign location, the more firms will choose to augment or exploit their O specific advantages by engaging in FDI. [4] Internalization advantages (advantages by own production rather than producing through a partnership arrangement such as licensing or a joint venture)[2] Firms may organize the creation and exploitation of their core competencies. The greater the net benefits of internalizing cross-border intermediate product markets, the more likely a firm will prefer to engage in foreign production itself rather than license the right to do so. [4] Source: Dunning (1981)[6]Categories of advantages Ownership advantagesInternalization advantagesLocation advantages Form of market entry Licensing[1] YesNoNo Export YesYesNo FDI YesYesYes [edit]Theory The idea behind the Eclectic Paradigm is to merge several isolated theories of international economics in one approach. 1] Three basic forms of international activities of companies can be distinguished: Export, FDI and Licensing. [1] The so-called OLI-factors are three categories of advantages, namely the ownership advantages, locational advantages and internalization advantages. [1] A precondition for international activities of a company are the availability of net ownership advantages. These advantages can both be material and immaterial. The term net ownership advantages is used to express the advantages that a company has in foreign and unknown markets. 1] According to Dunning two different types of FDI can be distinguished. While resource seeking investments are made in order to establish access to basic material like raw materials or other input factors, market seeking investments are made to enter an existing market or establish a new market. [1] A closer distinction is made by Dunning with the terms efficiency seeking investments, strategic seeking investments and support investments. [1] Trade and FDI patterns for industries and countries. [7]Location advantages StrongWeak Ownership advantagesStrongExportsOutward FDI WeakInward FDIImports The eclectic paradigm also contrasts a country’s resource endowment and geographical position (providing locational advantages) with firms resources (ownership advantages). [7] In the model, countries can be shown to face one of the four outcomes shown in the figure above. [7] In the top, right hand box in the figure above firms possess competitive advantages, but the home domicile has higher factor and transport costs than foreign locations. [7] The firms therefore make a FDI abroad in order to capture the rents from their advantages. [7] But if the country has locational advantages, strong local firms are more likely to emphasize exporting. 7] The possibilities when the nation has only weak firms, as in most developing countries, leads to the opposite outcomes. [7] These conditions are similar to those suggested by Porter’s diamond model of national competitiveness. [7] [edit]Application in practice In dependence of the categories of advantage there can be chosen the form of the international activity. If a company has ownership advantages like having knowledge about the target market abroad, for example staff with language skills, information about import permissions, appropriate products, contacts and so on, it can do a licensing. The licensing is less cost-intensive than the other forms of internalization. If there are internalization advantages, the company can invest more capital abroad. This can be achieved by export in form of an export subsidiary. The FDI is the most capital intensive activity that a company can choose. According to Dunning, it is considered that locational advantages are necessary for FDI. This can be realized by factories which are either bought or completely constructed abroad. FDI is the most capital intensive form of internalization activity. Apple Supplier Foxconn Employs 14YearOlds [3] The theory of internalization itself is based on the transaction cost theory. [3] This theory says that transactions are made within an institution if the transaction costs on the free market are higher than the internal costs. This process is called internalization. [3] For Dunning, not only the structure of organization is important. 3] He added 3 more factors to the theory:[3] Ownership advantages[1] (trademark, production technique, entrepreneurial skills, returns to scale)[2] Ownership specific advantages refer to the competitive advantages of the enterprises seeking to engage in Foreign direct investment (FDI). The greater the competitive advantages of the investing firms, the more they are likely to engage in their foreign production. [4] Location advantages [5](existence of raw materials, low wages, special taxes or tariffs)[2] Locational attractions refer to the alternative countries or regions, for undertaking the value adding activities of MNEs. The more the immobile, natural or created resources, which firms need to use jointly with their own competitive advantages, favor a presence in a foreign location, the more firms will choose to augment or exploit their O specific advantages by engaging in FDI. [4] Internalization advantages (advantages by own production rather than producing through a partnership arrangement such as licensing or a joint venture)[2] Firms may organize the creation and exploitation of their core competencies. The greater the net benefits of internalizing cross-border intermediate product markets, the more likely a firm will prefer to engage in foreign production itself rather than license the right to do so. [4] Source: Dunning (1981)[6]Categories of advantages Ownership advantagesInternalization advantagesLocation advantages Form of market entry Licensing[1] YesNoNo Export YesYesNo FDI YesYesYes [edit]Theory The idea behind the Eclectic Paradigm is to merge several isolated theories of international economics in one approach. 1] Three basic forms of international activities of companies can be distinguished: Export, FDI and Licensing. [1] The so-called OLI-factors are three categories of advantages, namely the ownership advantages, locational advantages and internalization advantages. [1] A precondition for international activities of a company are the availability of net ownership advantages. These advantages can both be material and immaterial. The term net ownership advantages is used to express the advantages that a company has in foreign and unknown markets. 1] According to Dunning two different types of FDI can be distinguished. While resource seeking investments are made in order to establish access to basic material like raw materials or other input factors, market seeking investments are made to enter an existing market or establish a new market. [1] A closer distinction is made by Dunning with the terms efficiency seeking investments, strategic seeking investments and support investments. [1] Trade and FDI patterns for industries and countries. [7]Location advantages StrongWeak Ownership advantagesStrongExportsOutward FDI WeakInward FDIImports The eclectic paradigm also contrasts a country’s resource endowment and geographical position (providing locational advantages) with firms resources (ownership advantages). [7] In the model, countries can be shown to face one of the four outcomes shown in the figure above. [7] In the top, right hand box in the figure above firms possess competitive advantages, but the home domicile has higher factor and transport costs than foreign locations. [7] The firms therefore make a FDI abroad in order to capture the rents from their advantages. [7] But if the country has locational advantages, strong local firms are more likely to emphasize exporting. 7] The possibilities when the nation has only weak firms, as in most developing countries, leads to the opposite outcomes. [7] These conditions are similar to those suggested by Porter’s diamond model of national competitiveness. [7] [edit]Application in practice In dependence of the categories of advantage there can be chosen the form of the international activity. If a company has ownership advantages like having knowledge about the target market abroad, for example staff with language skills, information about import permissions, appropriate products, contacts and so on, it can do a licensing. The licensing is less cost-intensive than the other forms of internalization. If there are internalization advantages, the company can invest more capital abroad. This can be achieved by export in form of an export subsidiary. The FDI is the most capital intensive activity that a company can choose. According to Dunning, it is considered that locational advantages are necessary for FDI. This can be realized by factories which are either bought or completely constructed abroad. FDI is the most capital intensive form of internalization activity.

Capston research project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Capston research project - Essay Example Alternatively, it may be handled by offsetting the balance of the inventory allowances in the books of account. In most cases, the inventory write-downs are small in value and in case of a larger value; the same is treated as a non-recurring financial loss. In the company’s income statement, the same can be reflected as an above-the-line expense. However, according to the IAS 1, companies are usually required to show separate disclosures for the inventory write-downs in the financial statements; taking into consideration that the inventory write-downs are items of near to the ground resolution. Accordingly, the International Accounting Standards 1 (IAS 1) requires that an organization provides sufficient information with regard to the issues that affects the significant events in the organization. The provided information should also be able to warrant a much better understanding of the company’s financial status. The greatest danger that lies for the company should it fail to include the write-downs of inventory in the financial statements is that it may lead to an overestimation of the earnings persistence by the company’s investors. Failure to do this is a great concern and as a partner in the audit process, I would seriously take this into consideration and seek to understand further basing on logical reasoning why the same was not included. Second, the failure to include the write-downs of inventory may lead to other significant effects of ethical and financial concerns to the audit process and the company in broad-spectrum such as, disproportionate compensations to the managers of the firm, frequent incidences in which fraud is concealed from the knowledge of the shareholders by the accounting and financial officers. Third, the failure may further lead to other unethical and of financial concern consequences such as the shareholders of the company losing faith and belief in the firm’s management ability to control its operation s and finances. Additionally, it may be grievous for the firm to fail to recognize the inventory write-downs

Reflection Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Reflection Paper - Essay Example This paper is a reflection of the lectures by Leslie, Steele and Crouse, that I attended. The movie by the name of â€Å"Peace out† was released in 2011; basically it is a documentary or a short film that it can be called. Directed and written by Charles Wilkinson, it takes into account the city of Vancouver and the problems in it. These problems, of course are environment related. It is the decision of choosing Hydro over Solar, stated in the most informal way possible. I happened to attend a lecture that was a discussion based on this short film. It focused on the problems that were present in Vancouver and used the documentary as a way to project their consequences and issues. It is in fact about time, that these global issues regarding energy crisis and environmental damage were brought attention. Personally, this issue is something which I feel needs to get the maximum attention and needs to be addressed globally. No one person can fix it, but the contributions of every i ndividual can definitely, without a doubt, bring a halt to the disastrous end that is inevitable. The discussion was primarily focusing on Vancouver as the documentary is based on it. The need of electricity and with the rapid increase in development, there is bound to be a much bigger demand for it; hence the need of hydro electrical power will automatically increase. Since, the question is of the Peace River, on which a power Dam was built and it caused the river to back up by â€Å"80 Kilometers.† The movie was extremely explicit as it openly blamed the government for wanting to make money, and putting their monetary benefits before the lives of the people. Yes, this is exactly how dangerous this dam is. It is a pure â€Å"rape of natural resources and destruction of our environment†, says Greg Klymkiv. The Peace River is not only a beautiful, scenic place but it is a major habitat to a lot of animals. The lecture that I attended brought many solutions to stop this from happening, but then again, one person cannot do the job. The government and corporates state that they have to take these measures in order to fulfill the rather increasing demand for energy; and the people who are opposing this whole idea are not ready to decrease their consumption. It is absurd, and extremely difficult. On one hand there are demonstrations against the dam being built, and at the same time no one wants to cut down consumption. It is a cycle that we have created; hence we have to stop it. On 14th, November, 2013, I happened to attend a lecture which almost reflected the same issue as addressed above. However, it now concerned the people more than the environment. It addressed the issues of the clash between the government and the people: What the people want, and what the government gives. The lecture was given by Megan Leslie and Graham Steele. Once again, if normally stated, this is one of the most misunderstood relationships of the world. It’s almost like a blame game; the people blame the government for all the bad things that happen and the government dumps their actions on the people by sugar coating it as their demands. The lecture was a rather thought clearing process, it made the audience realize where we are wrong and how can we overcome this gap and make it better for ourselves. The lecture, as informative as it was, to a certain extent I found it like an eye opener. Personally, I have been amongst those people who are of

Summary of Tuesdays with Morrie Essay Example for Free

Summary of Tuesdays with Morrie Essay Tuesdays with Morrie LIST OF CHARACTERS Major Characters Morrie Schwartz The novel is centered around him; Morrie is Mitch’s former college professor who was diagnosed with ALS (Lou Gherigs disease); he meets with Mitch in his home every Tuesday to teach him about the meaning of life. Mitch Albom- Morries former student; he has since become a journalist and leads a very fast paced life; finds Morrie after hearing he is sick on ABCs Nightline and visits him every Tuesday. Minor Characters Ted Koppel a famous television newsman/personality; he interviews Morrie three times for the â€Å"ABCs Nightline† show; he eventually describes Morrie as his friend and is almost in tears during his last interview with Morrie. Charlotte Morrie’s wife, who is also a college professor; she keeps her job as a professor even while Morrie is sick because it is what he wished for her. Janine Mitch’s wife; she takes a phone call from Morrie, whom she had never met, and accompanies†¦.. SUMMARY Morrie Schwartz was Mitch Albom’s favorite college professor. At the start of the novel Albom recalls a memory from his college graduation day: he is saying goodbye to Morrie and gives him a tan briefcase with his initials on it. They hug and when Mitch steps back he sees that Morrie is crying. Mitch promises to stay in touch with Morrie but he never does after college. Since his graduation, Mitch has become a newspaper reporter and husband. He leads a very fast paced life and is constantly working and traveling. He has become so engrossed in his work that it consumes his life. The novel recommences about sixteen years after Mitch’s graduation day; Morrie has since been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS. Since Morrie’s diagnosis, he began jotting down ideas and thoughts onto scrap paper, yellow pads or even envelopes. He also wrote philosophies about living knowing death was very near. One of his friends was so taken with his writing, he sent them to the Boston Globereporter, who wrote a feature story about Morrie. The story intrigued one of the producers of the show,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Nightline†, who then did a feature story about Morrie. Mitch happened to see the â€Å"Nightline† show and recognized his old professor. He called him to set up a visit. Mitch began visiting Morrie every Tuesday. Their discussions ranged from the world, regrets, death, love and money; the purpose of their meetings was to discuss Morrie’s view on the meaning of life. Mitch became so intrigued by Morrie’s philosophies that he began taking notes and even recording Morrie. Morrie’s philosophies included rejecting popular culture morals and following self-created values, loving others, and learning to accept death. With each lesson, Morrie becomes increasingly sick; during their last meeting, Morrie was bed ridden and near death. As he and Mitch hugged for one last time, Morrie notices Mitch is finally crying. Morrie dies a short time after. At his funeral Mitch tries having a conversation with Morrie, as he had wanted. Mitch feels a certain naturalness and comfort to this conversation and realizes that it happens to be Tuesday. After Morrie’s death Mitch regains contact with his brother who lives in Spain and is battling cancer.

Reflection on a Critical Incident Essay -- Critical Analysis of an Inc

The objective of this assignment is to explore and reflect upon a situation from a clinical placement. Reflective techniques will be used to reveal how well or badly the situation was handled. And how the incident, and the reflection has influenced personal learning and professional practice in relation to nursing care. According to Hogston and Simpson (2002, p398) reflection is "a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to better describe, analyse and evaluate, and so inform learning about practice". Wolverson (2000, p24) includes this is an important process for all nurses wishing to improve their practice. This will be investigated using a reflective nursing model. In accordance with the 2002 Nursing and Midwifery Council, the clients' details and placement setting has not been disclosed in order to maintain confidentiality. The incident occurred during the first week of the placement. The writer was then asked to perform an electrocardiogram (ECG) on a sixty six year old lady in the minors department. Hinchliff, Montague and Watson (2000, p398) states that an ECG is a graphic recording of the electrical processes that initiate the contraction of the cardiac muscle, performed by attaching electrodes to the body that are then connected to an electrocardiograph. On completion, the ECG was checked by a doctor and instructions were given to rush the patient to the resuscitation department of the Emergency department. This incident was chosen for discussion as the consequences could have been great if not dealt with correctly. The reflective model chosen is the John's model. This is an appropriate model for a students level, being described by Burns and Bulman (2001, p11) as providing support ... ...ober, J. (1998). Nursing Practice and Health Care. (3rd ed). London: Arnold Publishers Hogston, R. & Simpson, P. (2002). Foundations of Nursing Practice. (2nd ed). Basingstoke: Palgrave Marks, C. (2001). 'Reflective practice in thermoregulatory nursing care'. Nursing Standard. 15, (43), p38 - 41 Nicholls, C. & Sani, M. (2003). 'The treatment of cardiovascular disease in older people'. Nursing Older People. 15, (7), p30 - 32 Perry, A. (1997). Nursing, a knowledge base for practice. (2nd ed). London: Arnold Publishers Powell, H. (2002). 'A time to reflect'. Learning Disability Practice. 5, (7), p16 - 18 Taylor, B. (2001). Reflective Practice. Buckingham: Open University Press Wilkinson, J. (1999). 'Implementing reflective practice'. Nursing Standard. 13, (21), p36 - 40 Wolverson, M. (2000). 'On reflection'. Professional Practice. 3, (2), p31-34

Role In Health Sector Reform Health And Social Care Essay

Thailand ‘s economic construction is altering toward more industrialisation and the Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) increased about 7-9 % yearly from the late 1980s until 1996. The Thai economic system took an unexpected downswing in 1996. The Bank of Thailand forecast the growing rate of Thai economic system would spread out at a rate of 2.0-3.0 per centum merely, caused by the hapless public presentation of exports and private sector investing. Import growing besides declined during 1996. Decelerating the growing in imports entirely can non better the state ‘s current history shortage significantly. The shortage remains an economic job of major concern.A However, the economic stableness believes to be improved as a consequence of abrasiveness policies or outgo cuts and nest eggs acceleration. The budget shortage will be about 40,000 million tical.Factors Determining HealthHealth and Health Status are influenced by assorted factors viz. the state of affairss and tendencie s of economic, societal, political, administrative, physical environment, substructure development and engineering development. In amount, the economic growing and construction have made alterations in the ingestion form of Thai people. Peoples need more wellness attention and pass more for wellness services, both necessary and unneeded attention. The national wellness outgo has been increasing bit by bit, at a rate faster than the Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) , from 3.5 % of GDP in 1979 to 6.3 % of GDP in 1991. In the twelvemonth 2000 it ‘s expected to be at a rate of 8.1 % of GDP. With the worst scenario of Thai economic system it is expected to be more than 10 % of GDP in future. The outgo largely covered by the family and the hapless have a higher portion of outgo to income than the rich. The disbursal is for remedy instead than preventative and crude attention. Furthermore, the engineerings for medical services are freely imported with some particular revenue enhancement freedom. This consequences in greater purchase and competition in importing the high cost equipment and imbalanced use of this equipment nationally. The Thai economic construction has changed from agribusiness based industry to more fabrication and service based industries. This caused people to travel to industrially based countries or to migrate from rural to urban countries and society faces many societal jobs including occupational wellness. There is a great economic loss due to route accidents and accidents in the mill because of unequal attending to industrial safety. The job of air, H2O, noise and sight pollution in mill and environment and under standard working conditions is increasing. The increasing rate of utilizing modern engineering and chemicals in agricultural activities, i.e. , pesticides, weedkillers, unreal fertiliser has resulted in people having substances toxic to their wellness. Income disparity between the hapless and the rich, the rural and the urban countries, the agricultural and manufacturing sectors affect the wellness system in footings of unfairness in wellness resource allotment. The free trade system besides has impact on pharmaceutical industry: higher monetary value of drugs because of the patent ordinances. Due to the job of alterations in instruction many people have limited abilities to set to the information received through the assorted media. Some change their wellness behavior to follow more hazard to their wellness. There are besides the jobs of catching diseases, chronic disease, and aged disease among the people.Economic Crisis from mid-1997The current economic crisis has tremendous impact on the state and this impact will prevail for at least 4-5 old ages. The immediate effects are unemployment, reduced household income and decreased ingestion outgo. These have societal and wellness effects.Economic Crisis and Health Impactshypertext transfer protocol: //www.econ.chula.ac.th/public/research_center/chealth/im/ChealthCrisis.jpgSome Elementss of Reforms in Health SectorSoft loans from World Bank ( WB ) and Asian Development Bank ( ADB ) were offered to the Government to refill the foreign militias, and to back up indispensable plans. These loans came with certain conditions to co ntinue the safety cyberspace to salvage the vulnerable groups, particularly those unemployed. Under the recent loan from the Asian Development Bank ( ADB ) , there are besides elements of reforms in the wellness sector as conditions of the loan, viz. Redeployment of wellness forces to the rural countries Reform of the referral systems Development of independent infirmaries Policy reform of assorted wellness insurance strategies, i.e. , Civil Service Medical Benefit Scheme ( CSMBS ) , Free Medical Care for the Low Income Household Scheme ( FC/L ) , Free Medical Care for the Aged Scheme ( FC/E ) , Workmen Compensation Scheme ( WCS ) , the Social Security Scheme ( SSS ) and the Voluntary Health Card Scheme ( VHCS ) ( Wibulpolprasert, et Al, 1998 ) .Social Impact and Responseshypertext transfer protocol: //www.econ.chula.ac.th/public/research_center/chealth/im/ChealthImpact.jpgEconomic Crisis:Necessity and Opportunity to reevaluate precedences of Health Services ResourcesWhat the crisis has already told us: The most carefully laid programs are all of a sudden undermined by unannounced national economic loss We have all of a sudden to do new precedences Health sector versus other sectors Within wellness sector Wages Health services installations Capital investing Disease control / preventative activities Health instruction / media Short term versus long term Local, national, regional New enterprises, i.e. , Health Care Financing, Health Care Investment, etc. Equity, i.e. , the rich and the hapless, between sectors, between parts. Major displacements: Fiscal crisis Private infirmaries, some are running out of money, bankruptcy. Drain of work force from public to private: Private wellness sector interrupted consequences in the possible betterment of manpower state of affairs in public sector conditional upon the handiness of money to pay them. Shift of patronage from private to public wellness sector services, due to fall in income or unemployment of people. Attendant overloading of public wellness sector services. Short versus long term deduction issues: Can equilibrate between public and private wellness sector be legislated based on experience of instability of private sector concern methods exposed by crisis. Debt direction, i.e. , local and foreign investing Investing ordinances Work force policy accommodation Equity consideration Can disease controls / preventative activities are Streamlined, so Protected against cuts in crisis so to safeguard against dearly-won additions in disease out interruptions ( catching diseases ) which would ensue in increasing debt load. Time toA readdressA affair of comprehensive national wellness insurance embracing all sectors. This might distribute costs equitably. This would likely ask cut downing the benefits of CSMBS, i.e. , co-payment mechanism, keeping the rule of the wellness card strategy and presenting a compulsory wellness insurance strategy overall etc. The urgency of this is highlighted by the rise in unemployment with loss of employee contributed benefits and sudden addition in the figure of eligible individuals for Social public assistance wellness services to the hapless.Health Economicss: Thai ExperienceThis list summarizes on traveling and completed wellness economic sciences research throughout Thailand. National Health System Research, i.e. Social Motions and Economic Transformation: to analyze the historical development of Thai wellness attention system. Private Hospital Survey Cigarettes and Excise Tax: to analyze the impact of a alteration in the rate of coffin nail excise revenue enhancement. Political Economy of Tobacco Products and Optimal Cigarette Taxation Diagnostic Related Group Study Information System for Health Improvement Computer System for Health Care Providers Government Information Network ( GINet ) Rapid Provincial Health Survey Law and Regulation Decentralization and Health Systems Change Public-Private Mix Essential Health Package Thai Burden of Diseases The Economics of Traffic Accidents: to cipher the economic sciences loss and causes of accident. Beginnings of Economic Growth in Thailand Development, Environment and Health in the Eastern Seaboard Area Healthy City Project Health Financing Research Health insurance in assorted strategies, i.e. , Voluntary Health Insurance. Social Security Scheme. Civil Service Medical Benefit Scheme ( CSMBS ) . National Health Account National Drug Account Hospital Costing: assorted degrees Resource Allotment: Confluent Beginnings of Finance and Reforming Payment Mechanisms for Health Servicess Cost, Resource Use and Financing of District Health Services in Thailand Technology Appraisal Quality Improvement Research, i.e. Assessment the Health Welfare ( Low income ) Card Scheme of Thailand Economicss of Social Welfare Project Management Entire Quality Management Study Health Manpower Development Research, i.e. Scientific and Technical Manpower for Economic Growth: to analyze the human resource development impinges upon proficient capacity in many sectors including those which straight and indirectly affect wellness. Future Pattern of Health Manpower Needed at each degree Forecast the Disease Pattern in Thailand Health Behaviour Research, i.e. Economic Evaluation alongside WHO Antenatal Care Trial Cost Effectiveness, Cost / Performance techniques in assorted wellness programmes Quality of Life Study Alcohol Consumption Study Elderly Care Health Situation and Trend Research, i.e. The diseases control plan, i.e. , Economicss of Leprosy Social and Economic Impact of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Economic Evaluation of Village Malaria Volunteer Programme Economic Analysis of Malaria Diagnostic Technology Economicss of Screening for Thalassemia Demographic Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in Thailand Survey of Elderly in Thailand General Agreement on Trade in Services and the Effects on Health System and Services in Thailand Quantitative Approaches to Analysis and Redefinition of Market Roles in Changing Options for Health Servicess Scheme for Research in Health Economicss: Present and Future † in Enabling Mechanisms for HealthSummary of Health Economics Research TargetsIssues Equity Efficiency Quality Health Insurance Universal Health Insurance Accessibility to Health Care Health Care Behaviour and Utilization Types of Health Care Financing Impact on Utilization and Health Expenditure Essential Package and Outgo Resource Allocation at Various Levels Assess the Standard for Quality of Care Technology Appraisal Technology Diffusion and Distribution Cost-effectiveness for Drug, Medical Equipment and Technology Consumer Protection for Using Health Care/ and Health Servicess Health Manpower Health Manpower Distribution Cost and Number of Health Manpower Quality of Personnel Standard of Providing Care Role of Private and Public Impacts of GATS on Prices and Accessibility Earmarked Taxs Public-Private Mix Optimum usage of Assorted coaction, i.e. , Joint-venture, Contract out Referral System and Network Assess the Standard and its Applications Health impacts of rapid economic alterations in Siam The economic crisis in Thailand in July 1997 had major societal deductions for unemployment, under employment, household income contraction, altering outgo forms, and child forsaking. The crisis increased poorness incidence by 1 million, of whom 54 % were the ultra-poor. This paper explores and explains the short-run wellness impact of the crisis, utilizing bing informations and some particular studies and interviews for 2 old ages during 1998A ±99. The wellness impacts of the crisis are mixed, some being negative and some being positive. Household wellness outgo reduced by 24 % in existent footings ; among the poorer families, institutional attention was replaced by self- medicine. The pre-crisis lifting tendency in outgo on intoxicant and baccy ingestion was reversed. Immunization disbursement and coverage were sustained at a really high degree after the crisis, but studies of additions in diphtheria and whooping cough indicate worsening programme quality. An addition in malaria, despite budget additions, had many causes but was chiefly due to cut down programme effectivity. STD incidence continued the pre-crisis downward tendency. Ratess of HIV hazardous sexual behavior were higher among draftees than other male workers, but in both groups there was lower rubber usage with insouciant spouses. HIV sero-surveillance showed a continuance of the pre-crisis downward tendency among commercial sex workers ( CSW, both whorehouses and non-brothel based ) , pregnant adult females and donated blood ; this tendency was somewhat reversed among male STD patients and more among endovenous drug users. Condom coverage among whorehouses based CSW continued to increase to 97.5 % , despite a 72 % budget cut in free rubber distribution. Poverty and deficiency of insurance coverage are two major determiners of absence of or unequal prenatal attention, and low birth weight. The Low Income Scheme could non adequately cover the hapless but the voluntary Health Card Scheme played a wellness safety net function for maternal and child wellness. Low birth weight and scraggy among school kids were observed during the crisis. The impact of the crisis on wellness was minimal in some sectors but non in the others if the pre-crisis status is efficient and healthy and frailty versa. We demonstrated some cardinal wellness position parametric quantities during the 2-year period after the 1997 crisis but do non hold decisions on the impact of the economic crisis on wellness position, as our observation is excessively short and there is uncertainness on how long the crisis will last. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.business-in-asia.com/medical_tour/images/boi_med1.jpg Siam has good positioned itself to go the medical hub of Asia, with more than four 100 infirmaries offering the most advanced interventions by an internationally trained medical staff. The state boasts the largest infirmary in Southeast Asia and the first of all time to have ISO 9001 enfranchisement, and the first infirmary in Asia to be granted the esteemed Joint Commission International Accreditation ( JCIA ) . In 2005, the figure of foreign patients geting in Thailand, alleged medical tourers, topped one million and reached 1.4 million in 2006. The state has set a mark of 2 million medical tourers by the twelvemonth 2010. With 1000000s of people without wellness insurance in some states, or those merely seeking the best service and attention available, medical touristry continues to be a growing industry for Thailand. The one-year growing rate for the sector has been 14 % , with major surgical processs increasing, every bit good as those seeking standard medical attention. Thai Airways has taken medical touristry one measure farther by boxing medical check-ups as portion of its Royal Orchid Holidays plan. Acknowledging the available market and the state ‘s ability to present medical intervention at international criterions, in 2004 Thailand ‘s authorities adopted a five-year strategic program to develop the state ‘s capacity into the â€Å" Center of Excellent Health of Asia † . This strategic program, advanced by the Ministry of Public Health, focuses on three chief countries of health care: medical services, health care services, which includes watering place, traditional massage and long-stay health care merchandises and services, and 3rd is Thai herbal merchandises. There is a serious committedness on behalf of health care suppliers and the authorities to guarantee that international criterions are met. â€Å" More late, infirmaries in Thailand have opted to besides use for Joint Commission International ( JCI accreditation, which is the international accreditation arm of the U.S. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations ( JCAHO ) † , says Mr. Denis Meseroll of Asset Management Systems ( Thailand ) , a company that provides healthcare direction services. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.business-in-asia.com/medical_tour/images/boi_med2.jpg Skyrocketing costs of health care in many western states, along with overladen medical installations in many others, has added great attractive force to Thailand ‘s high quality low cost medical service industry. For illustration, elected surgery in Thailand ‘s best private infirmaries is frequently one tenth the cost of the same process if performed in the United States. With the value of OECD states ‘ wellness attention sector holding been estimated to be every bit high as US $ 3 trillion and the United States at US $ 2 trillion, the potency for Thailand is important. BlueCross BlueShield of South Carolina and Blue Choice of South Carolina, US based health care insurance suppliers, have formed an confederation with one of Bangkok ‘s premier infirmaries to advance medical touristry to its 1.3 million members. In add-on to the cost economy, there is besides the added benefit that intervention and aftercare services are frequently performed in resort like scenes, with a degree of cordial reception non found in other of the universe ‘s medical centres. Doctors are experts in their Fieldss and nurses are registered and good trained. But beyond the medical attractive force, patients are treated to personal service characterized by Thailand ‘s excellence. Patients are non left to linger in infirmary waiting suites for hours, left unattended and uninformed. Some infirmaries will even delegate patients a personal helper who will walk them through the full procedure from the front door, to their assignment with the physician, to the onsite pharmaceutics to make full prescriptions, and to uncluttering all grosss for insurance reimbursement. Patients are kept informed throughout their stay. In fact one of Bangkok ‘s premier infirmary installations boasts a staff of physicians that can talk English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch, Japanese, Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hainan, Arabic, Urdu and others, and has 60 translators on its staff. While another has translators in over two twelve linguistic communications, all in order to ease the increasing Numberss of international patients. And many of the state ‘s infirmaries have the most advanced medical equipment, including one which late purchased the MRI 3 Tesla, the first in Asia, which offers better diagnosing without injection of contrast media. While Thailand excels in the medical attention it delivers on a day-to-day footing to patients from over 190 states, the Kingdom is besides deriving acknowledgment as a location for research and for clinical tests of advanced medical specialty and for root cell interventions. Thailand is puting in research and development for tropical diseases, such as dandy fever febrility and malaria, among others ; countries broad unfastened for farther investing. With the exponential growing of Thailand into going a medical hub in the part, considerable chances in related Fieldss are being created. The medical device sector, for one, will go on to see healthy growing to run into the demands of health care installations for new and upgraded medical machinery and devices. Thailand ‘s health care industry is genuinely turning in springs and bounds.HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS IN THAILANDThe bulk of wellness attention services in Thailand is delivered by the populace sector, which includes 1,002 infirmaries and 9,765 wellness Stationss. Universal wellness attention is provided through three plans: the civil service public assistance system for civil retainers and their households, Social Security for private employees, and the Universal Coverage strategy theoretically available to all other Thai subjects. Some private infirmaries are participants in these plans, though most are financed by patient self-payment and private insurance. Harmonizing to t he World Bank, under Thailand ‘s wellness strategies, 99.5 % of the population has wellness protection coverage. The Ministry of Public Health ( MOPH ) oversees national wellness policy and besides operates most authorities wellness installations. The National Health Security Office ( NHSO ) allocates funding through the Universal Coverage plan. Other health-related authorities bureaus include the Health System Research Institute ( HSRI ) , Thai Health Promotion Foundation ( â€Å" Thai Health † ) , National Health Commission Office ( NHCO ) , and the Emergency Medical Institute of Thailand ( EMIT ) . Although there have been national policies for decentalisation, there has been opposition in implementing such alterations and the MOPH still straight controls most facets of wellness attention. Thailand introduced cosmopolitan coverage reforms in 2001, going one of merely a smattering of lower-middle income states to make so. Means-tested wellness attention for low income families was replaced by a new and more comprehensive insurance strategy, originally known as the 30 tical undertaking, in line with the little co-payment charged for intervention. Peoples fall ining the strategy receive a gold card which allows them to entree services in their wellness territory, and, if necessary, be referred for specializer intervention elsewhere. The majority of finance comes from public grosss, with support allocated to Contracting Units for Primary Care yearly on a population footing. Harmonizing to the WHO, 65 % of Thailand ‘s wellness attention outgo in 2004 came from the authorities, while 35 % was from private beginnings. Thailand achieved cosmopolitan coverage with comparatively low degrees of disbursement on wellness but it faces important challenges: rise costs, inequali ties, and duplicate of resources. Although the reforms have received a good trade of unfavorable judgment, they have proved popular with poorer Thais, particularly in rural countries, and survived the alteration of authorities after the 2006 military putsch. Then Public Health Minister, Mongkol Na Songkhla, abolished the 30 tical co-payment and made the UC strategy free. It is non yet clear whether the strategy will be modified farther under the alliance authorities that came to power in January 2008.Public Health IssuesAlthough infective diseases, most notably HIV/AIDS and TB, remain serious public wellness issues, non-communicable diseases and hurts have besides become of import causes of morbidity and mortality. Major infective diseases in Thailand besides include bacterial diarrhoea, hepatitis, dandy fever febrility, malaria, Nipponese phrenitis, hydrophobias, and swamp fever. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune lack syndrome ( HIV/AIDS ) is a serious job in Thailand. The United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS ( UNAIDS ) reported in November 2004 that the Thai authorities had launched a well-funded, politically supported, and matter-of-fact response to the epidemic. As a consequence, national grownup HIV prevalence has decreased to an estimated 1.5 per centum of all individuals aged 15 to 49 old ages ( or about 1.8 per centum of the entire population ) . It was besides reported that 58,000 grownups and kids had died from AIDS since the first instance was reported in 1984. The authorities has begun to better its support to individuals with HIV/AIDS and has provided financess to HIV/AIDS support groups. Public plans have begun to change insecure behaviour, but favoritism against those septic continues. The authorities has funded an antiretroviral drug plan and, as of September 2006, more than 80,000 HIV/AIDS patients had received such drugs.Food Safet yFood safety panics, like the remainder of developing Asia, are non uncommon to Thailand. Furthermore besides the of all time common microbic taint of street side nutrient left out in the hot Sun and dust-covered roads, every bit good as shop nutrient, taint by banned or toxic pesticides and forge nutrient merchandises is besides common. 3-MCPD, a genotoxic and carcinogenic substance, was found in utmost sums ( 100s to 1000s of times bounds ) in an Asia-wide ( ex Japan and Korea ) acid-hydrolyzed soy sauce dirt in 2001, including exports to Western states, cyanuramide in Thai nutrient merchandises along with 2008 Chinese milk dirt, and July 2012 consumer action groups demanding 4 unlisted toxic pesticides found on common veggies ( which are banned in developed states ) be banned. Chemical companies are bespeaking to add them to the Thai Dangerous Substances Act so they can go on to be used, including on exported Mangifera indicas to developed states which have banned their usage. Medical and Healthcare Services Currently Provided in Thailand:Medical ServicessMedical Examination ( Chulalongkorn Hospital ) Outpatient Department Nursing Department Dentistry Extended Service Clinics Social Security Services ( Chulalongkorn Hospital/Somdej Na Sriracha Hospital ) On-line Consultancy Anonymous Clinic Nurses at Home Project Medical Certificate Services ( Chulalongkorn Hospital/Somdej Na Sriracha Hospital ) Rabiess Clinic Immunological ClinicNew Tract Medicine ServicesImmunological Clinic and Tourist Consultancy Biological Merchandises Chula Excimer Laser Center Ostomy ClinicCommunity Medicine/Community HealthWednesday Club Anti-AIDS Campaign in Slum Communities Elderly Care Project, Klong Toey Slum CommunityEducational ServicessNursing CollegeOther Health related ServicessFirst Aid Training Knowledge for Life Project Home Nursing Training Health Education for the Disadvantaged, Including inmates, no educated kids Rabiess Hot Line Health Restorative Service at Home Consultancy for HIV AIDS infected and householdCatastrophe Relief Services Consumable and Life Pack AidsMobile Medical Unit of measurements First Aid Unit, Medical Supplies and Vehicles Service Coverage ( Map ) â€Å" Princess Pa Project † voluntary Project, the Thai Red Cross SocietyBlood ServicessBlood Bags manufactured by the National Blood Service CenterEye BankEye Bank procedure Cornea in Optisol Cornea in Glycerine Eye Whites Amniotic membrane Fair and Equal-Opportunity Eye AllotmentOrgan Donation Heart,Lung, Liver Allocation Kidney Allocation Child Aids Biological Family Tracking Family Finding Child Follow-Through Adoption Process Chalerm Phrakiat Child Development Center ( For Thai Red Cross Personnel )Human-centered ReliefConsumable AIDSs and life battalions Mobile Medical Unit of measurements First Aid Units Specialized Medicine Unit of measurementsOther Services Dissemination of Red Cross Principles andHuman-centered Laws in young persons Chalerm Prakiat 72 Pansa Iodine Nutrition Project Community Service ActivitiesStrong industry growing mentality several cardinal supportive factorsWe believe Thailand ‘s health care sector has bright chances in visible radiation of the undermentioned supporting factors: Low health care incursion. An ageing population and a lifting decease rate from complex unwellnesss. A limited supply menace due to high entry barriers. Thailand ‘s competitory market place in medical touristry. The first three factors guarantee quickly lifting demand for health care from local people in Thailand. However, we see greater demand chances from provincial countries than from the Bangkok Metropolitan Region ( BMR ) due to the turning urbanization tendency and lower incursion.Local Government Policies and Major Measures to PromoteThe Thai authorities began strategic programs since 2004 to advance Thailand as a premier medical touristry finish. Since so, the state has enjoyed a big figure of visitants in this class. The Department of Export Promotion and the Department of Health Service Support reported a rapid growing of 16.48 % during 2001-2009 for wellness services bringing to aliens: Year No. of Foreign Patients Estimate Income ( Million Baht ) 2007 1,373,807 106,640 2008 1,380,000 107,419 2009 1,390,000 108,197 Thailand is now widely acclaimed among the international community as the medical hub in Asia, with important advantages including the handiness of modern equipment and fortes, easy entryway, competitory monetary values, and great cordial reception from service operators and forces. These, when coupled with the well-established fact that Thailand is a brilliant tourer finish with calm beaches and mountains, fascinating humanistic disciplines and civilization, nutrient, amusement, and shopping, make Thailand a great medical touristry finish.The policies and schemes to advance Thailand as a medical hub of Asia1 ) . Most healthcare service suppliers peculiarly infirmaries participate in travel marketplaces, travel carnivals, trade carnival, exhibitions, seminars, conferences. 2 ) . Using advertizements in travel magazines in states with the back uping from the authorities. With the cooperation from the Ministry of Public Health, Tourism Authority of Thailand ( TAT ) , Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Department of Export Promotion ( DEP ) organized these activities for advancing health care services to international markets. 3 ) . Other enlightening stuffs are provided such as booklets, brochures, video-cds, paper bags and jersey with Sons were besides used to make consciousness of the available health care services 4 ) . Some healthcare service suppliers build up cooperation with the local institutes, universities, medical schools in other states to set up coaction in instruction, exchange of cognition and preparation every bit good as to advance their option health care services. 5 ) . Advertising about medical and nonmedical services in both local and international media are used by healthcare service suppliers. The advertizement has to be based on Thai Torahs and ordinances about how to publicize health care services. Media such as magazines, newspaper ( both in Thai and English ) , telecasting etc. are used to aim local people and exiles who work in Thailand.FUTURE TRENDSHarmonizing to the KASIKORN RESEARCH CENTER, ASEAN wellness service liberalisation will heighten the chances for Thai medical attention concern investing into ASEAN states. This is because of ASEAN cancellation of all pre-conditions to wellness service markets and enlargement of ASEAN investors ‘ shareholdings of up to 70 per centum beginning in 2010. Positive factors that would back up Thai entry into ASEAN medical concern would include the possible in the first-class direction of Thai infirmaries that have attracted the highest figure of foreign patients in ASEAN. Furthermore, the impact of ASEAN trade and investing liberalisation and the development of transit logistics into the Indochina part will assist ease travel within the part via land transit ; hence, offering greater chances to Thai private sector infirmaries to spread out into other metropoliss in Thailand and back up a turning figure of foreign patients wishing to utilize medical attention services in Thailand. However, the enlargement of Thai medical attention services may confront some challenges in forces deficits within ASEAN, an investing finish – including. It is expected that the effectivity of liberalisation in the motions of medical forces within ASEAN in 2015 will be rather limited and may confront challenges caused by competition with and that besides aim to spread out such investings within ASEAN and would wish to go hubs for medical attention within this part, every bit good. Meanwhile, the enlargement of Thai private infirmaries into other ASEAN states may worsen forces shortages domestically and impact our ability to go a major Asian medical service hub pulling foreign patients to. It is expected that the job of competition in pulling medical forces between service suppliers domestically, authorities and private sector, will go on to escalate, peculiarly if there is an unequal authorities budget for medical Personnel development.Thailand Health Profile studyHealth is related to legion factors. Indispensably, analysis of state of affairs and tendency of the Thai wellness system requires comprehensive consideration on alterations in both single and environmental contexts that influence wellness, e.g. economic system, instruction, human ecology, household characteristic and migration, genetic sciences, value and belief, civilization, political relations and authorities, environment, substructure and engineering, every bit good as wellness services system itself. This inspires the thought of making the Thailand Health Profile study, a study that offers information on Thailand ‘s wellness system integrally connected with its determiners.Siam can be proud to hold achieved most of the eight UN Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs ) , in peculiar the three health-related ends.In 1970, Thailand had an infant mortality rate of 68 per 1,000 unrecorded births, while today it is estimated at 13 per 1,000 unrecorded births. Harmonizing to a 2008 survey published in the medical diary Lancet, Thailand enjoyed the highest one-year rate of decrease in child mortality among 30 low- and middle-income states between 1990 and 2006. The maternal mortality ratio has besides shown a similar decreasing tendency. In add-on, Thailand has been successful at controling new HIV infection rates by 83 per cent since 1991, thanks to the backbreaking attempts made by authoritiess and NGOs. Such impressive wellness results did non happen in isolation from its socio-economic development context. From 1969 to 2009, its gross national income ( GNI ) grew from US $ 210 to $ 3,760 in current figures, or 17 times over 40 old ages. During the 1970s and 1980s, Thailand invested to a great extent in main roads that connect the stray and destitute Northeast and North to Bangkok ; electrification throughout the state ; every bit good as enlargement of school registration for both male childs and misss. As a consequence, the positive spillover effects besides benefited the public wellness sector. As economic growing accelerated in the mid-1980s and 1990s, the state continued to finance substructure undertakings which brought greater connectivity, wider entree to electricity and safe imbibing H2O and clean sanitation, primary and secondary schools, and primary wellness Centres in rural countries across the state. Four decennaries ago when Thailand was still a low-income state, it invested early in wellness attention substructure that has reached the most distant rural communities. Alternatively of concentrating resources to urban third infirmary development, public wellness leaders placed more funding to rural countries from 1982 onwards, which has encouraged greater and low-cost entree to healthcare at the most local degrees. Such investings have paid off. In a survey carried out by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and released in Bangkok last month, Thailand featured as one of the states to accomplish â€Å" good wellness at low cost † . Harmonizing to the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , its entire wellness outgos ( THE ) is estimated at 4.1 per cent of its GDP or $ 328 per capita, which is comparatively low for the wellness outcomes achieved. The extended web of primary health care installations implemented through territory wellness systems supplemented by some of the first-class research outfits doubtless played a important function in bettering wellness results particularly for the rural population. In add-on, Thailand has been successful in preparation nurses and physicians for its wellness system, innovatively administering human resources to rural countries by prosecuting new medical alumnuss to function for three old ages in a rural infirmary, and supplying extra pecuniary inducements. In add-on, wellness voluntaries recruited from local communities besides play of import support, bar and sensing functions, and thereby heightening community engagement. Thailand ‘s wellness accomplishments are non limited to impressive indexs, but extend to achieving cosmopolitan wellness coverage ( UHC ) .Globally, the figure of states that have attained UHC is comparatively little, and comprises largely of OECD states. Within Asian, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand have achieved UHC, with the Philippines, Vietnam, and Indonesia nearing full coverage as they embark on reforms. Yet, harmonizing to the International Labour Organization ( ILO ) , merely 5 to 10 per cent of people are covered in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, while in middle-income states, coverage rates vary between 20 to 60 per cent. Annually across the universe, about 150 million people suffer fiscal calamity and 100 million are pushed below the poorness line due to regressive payment systems for health care and absence of UHC. In 2002 when Thailand was still a lower-middle income state with a GDP/capita of $ 1,900, the state achieved UHC. This did non go on overnight but bit by bit since the 1970s through the creative activity of three wellness insurance strategies: the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme ( CSMBS ) , Social Security Scheme ( SSS ) Subsequently the Universal Coverage ( UC ) Scheme – once referred to as the â€Å" Bt30 † Scheme. Achieving a coverage rate of 99 per cent of the population is more than merely run intoing a national aim ; it represents a beginning of inspiration to other low- and middle-income states. As a affair of fact, functionaries from assorted wellness ministries and NGOs from Asia and Africa frequently request a visit to Thailand ‘s public wellness establishments such as the National Health Security Office, International Health and Policy Programme, Health Systems Research Institute and the Ministry of Public Health to â€Å" analyze how Thailand did it † . As of now, 99 per cent of the Thai population is covered through a comprehensive health care bundle that ranges from wellness bar and primary attention, to hospitalization due to traffic accidents to renal replacing therapy and entree to ART intervention for HIV. It has been shown that the UC Scheme has contributed significantly to cut downing cases of ruinous health care outgos, particularly in destitute countries of the state. Based on the recent rating of the 10 old ages of the Scheme, the figure of destitute families dropped from 3.4 per cent in 1996 to 0.8-1.3 per cent between 2006 and 2009, therefore lending to poverty decrease, edifice greater fiscal stableness to vulnerable families and improved long-run support security. In add-on, it helps Thailand to achieve the rule of the right to wellness for all. In a state with high income inequality as measured by the Gini Coefficient, entree to low-cost health care is a span that helps extenuate many of the socio-economic unfairnesss that still plague this state. Thailand has demonstrated that UHC may non be an unachievable dream to be experienced by merely the rich states. Low-income states such as Ghana and Rwanda have already made much advancement towards UHC, and states such as India and Bangladesh are working towards developing effectual UHC systems. The biggest individual determiner in this is political committedness. In a round-table conference in Bangkok in November, 2011, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon declared that no states rich or little would hold â€Å" adequate † resources to transport out UHC reform but the challenge for every state is how shortly they can travel into it. This was echoed at the recent Prince Mahidol Award Conference with the subject of UHC. Attended by participants from 68 states, none said that UHC is impossible to accomplish in their contexts. With the right policies – societal, economic and political, it is possible for a low- or middle-income state to ship on the route towards UHC. Although Thailand has achieved cosmopolitan coverage, large challenges remain. These include: how to include foreign migratory workers into the health care system how to unify the three strategies to cut down unfairnesss in benefit bundles how to guarantee sufficient and highly-trained human resources in wellness to run into current deficits how to pull off Thailand ‘s passage into a â€Å" Grey † society in the following decennaries what are the germinating fiscal mechanisms that can be used to better function the population? UHC after all is non an end point in itself, but a journey that moves us closer to better wellness for all. Mushtaque Chowdhury and Natalie Phaholyothin are based at the Rockefeller Foundation ‘s Asia Regional Office in Bangkok. The article reflects the positions of the writers, which do non needfully represent those of the Rockefeller Foundation.Healthcare in ThailandIntroductionOne of the most popular Asiatic states for resettlement is Thailand. The state has a rich historical and cultural background. However, there are some concerns that exiles should be cognizant of, and one of these is the issue of health care.The health care systemMost of the physicians in Thailand are specializers ; that is why it may be difficult to happen a dependable all-around general practician to handle you for minor medical jobs. As an exile, you will hold to travel to a general infirmary, where you will most probably be examined by a physician who is a specializer in one field or another. Since it may be common to hold a figure of smaller medical conditions, it may be hard for a medical specializer to cover with these. The best manner, particularly if you are non rather certain of your job ( s ) , is merely to seek an internist as your first port of call. However, it should be noted that there are still some major infirmaries in Thailand that have household physicians or medical practicians. Most physicians in Thailand do non hold one specific topographic point of work. Thai sawboness and doctors have different working agendas at different infirmaries thatA can beA spread over the whole of Bangkok. Because of this, physicians are likely to travel from one infirmary to another to make their unit of ammunitions. Additionally, these physicians may besides hold private clinics. In visible radiation of this, they tend to work really long hours. It is non hard to conceive of the jobs that this could do. For illustration, if you merely had surgery and a job arises, there is the possibility that your sawbones might be executing another surgery in a different infirmary, or he may be at his private clinic. This may ensue in your physician seeking to work out the state of affairs over the phone.Obstacles in medical exigenciesEmergency conveyance installations in Thailand are non yet to the full developed. Large infirmaries in Thailand have mobile intensive attention units where you can be hold immediate intervention in exigency state of affairss. However, you will seldom see an ambulance rushing the streets of Bangkok. Although traffic accidents are attended to, voluntary organisations are usually the 1s to supply deliverance units. Passers-by will besides help in exigencies. For traffic accidents, you can ever seek aid from the Police Hospital at the Ratchaprasong Intersection ( if you are in the country ) . In footings of exigency conveyance, the chief obstruction in medical exigencies is the traffic in Bangkok. Unwanted holds are ineluctable, unless you are in close propinquity to a infirmary. By and large talking, autos do non automatically give manner to reacting ambulances. Therefore, if you have a medical status that may necessitate immediate attending, where possible, remain in a topographic point which is near to a suited infirmary. Having a wellness service that is able to handle controlled and stable conditions is one thing, but being capable of covering with exigency processs is another. Unfortunately, Thailand needs some major betterments in this respect.Money is of importWhen you are in Thailand, it is of import to hold your medical insurance paperss with you ; either that or another signifier of payment. In the instance of a infirmary admittance, you will be required to pay up forepart for the interventions. It appears thatA moneyA plays an even larger portion than normal when discoursing the health care system of Thailand. In most European states, jobs like these are usually avoided because the patients have compulsory medical insurance and infirmaries can be confident about acquiring paid. It is recommended that you avail of private wellness insurance when sing Thailand as a topographic point to see or populate.Making Business in ThailandIndia has many chances for making concern with Thailand. Priority countries are: aˆ? Advanced Engineering aˆ? Agribusiness aˆ? Education and preparation aˆ? Environment aˆ? Food and Beverage aˆ? Railway aˆ? Power aˆ? Motor vehicle and motor vehicle partsaˆ? Healthcare and Pharmaceutical, Medical Hub is targeted for Thailandaˆ? Petro aˆ? Renewable Energy aˆ? Tourism, athleticss and leisure equipmentHealthcare Sector in ThailandThailand had a population of 69.51 million at the terminal of 2011.Life anticipation is 71 old ages for work forces and 77 old ages for adult females has increased. With a population growing rate of around 0.4 % , Thailand is confronting an aging society. Proportion of the population over age 60 in 2020 is expected to make 17.51 % .Market OverviewThe entire health care market in 2012 is expected to make U.S. $ 13.13bn, while the pharmaceutical and medical devices market forecast market for U.S. $ 4.1bn U.S. $ 9.36bn. However, some medical equipment produced for domestic ingestion in Thailand, the state imported from abroad, 70 % of medical devices. Due to increasing demand from international and local patients, Thailand ‘s first medical substructure in developed states and at a fraction of the cost of similar processs provides the highest possible quality of attention. Thailand is ready to take a serious involvement in this dynamic market ; this is an exciting concern chance for companies.Key chancesThailand in cardinal and emerging chances for Indian companies in the health care include: Medical equipment and instruments Specialist intervention engineering Aging Population Standard Certification Accident Emergency E-Health Geting into the marketMedical equipment and instrumentsThe most popular finishs for medical touristry in Thailand, more than 1,000 public infirmaries and 400 private infirmaries with international criterions are powered on. Turning medical touristry market with a 10-20 % one-year growing in the sector has played an of import function. Both foreign and domestic patients Thai wellness installations continue to spread out due to the increasing demand for wellness intervention. We are besides seeing a new tendency of amalgamations between private infirmaries. Therefore, both private and public infirmaries for medical machinery and equipment, including a turning demand continues to upgrade their installations. Purchase of major medical equipment in public infirmaries, accounting for 60 % of the consumers live.Specialist intervention engineeringDemand for particular intervention in Thailand, non merely because of the figure of foreign patients in Thailand but besides increased health-conscious consumers.Aging PopulationHarmonizing to the analysis of a decease certification, major and increasing cause of decease among Thai citizens of non-communicable diseases, accidents, and HIV / AID. The impact of an aging population opens up many chances. Due to the increasing aging population, we besides take attention of the aged by both the populace and private sector to see an increasing figure of advanced characteristics. The Thai authorities is cognizant of the aging society and provides support for the aged life. The National Science and Technology Development Projects Agency ( NSTDA ) besides on new engineering in these countries are done by collaborating with international organisations.Standard CertificationAn indispensable tool for pulling foreign patients is an internationally recognized commissioned infirmary. Consequently, the Joint Commission International ( JCI ) to better its services to international criterions scheme has gained big private infirmary. However, some private infirmaries to seek other options which allow more flexibleness in the execution procedure of the want.Accident EmergencyEmergency Response therapy has progressively become a precedence in Thailand, as the state ‘s natural catastrophes and political agitation in recent old ages experienced a figure. National Institute of Emergency Medical Services Emergency Medical System is to develop international criterions in this country and has played a major function in natural catastrophes. More preparation and guidance every bit good as experts in the country, include the demand for devices that generate chances.E-HealthThailand is one of a turning figure of smart phones and tablet computing machines have followed the planetary tendency. Some e – wellness undertakings, wellness informations aggregation, wellness position monitoring, etc. In the past few old ages has been the usage of the hand-held device. Commercially available from Q1 2013 due to 3G service, local infirmaries, which will let them to function in distant vitamin E – are cognizant of the wellness benefits. National Health Information System, tele-medicine, for smart places and independent life, the Thai Government Smart Health ‘s National Electronics and Computer Technology Center, with focal point on 3 countries ( NECTEC ) has supported the undertaking launched by.Thailand Health Care IndustryLocal Government Policies and Major Measures to PromoteThe Thai authorities began strategic programs since 2004 to advance Thailand as a premier medical touristry finish. Since so, the state has enjoyed a big figure of visitants in this class. The Department of Export Promotion and the Department of Health Service Support reported a rapid growing of 16.48 % during 2001-2009 for wellness services bringing to aliens: Year No. of Foreign Patients Estimate Income ( Million Baht ) 2007 1,373,807 106,640 2008 1,380,000 107,419 2009 1,390,000 108,197 Beginning: The Royal Thai Embassy, Washington Thailand is now widely acclaimed among the international community as the medical hub in Asia, with important advantages including the handiness of modern equipment and fortes, easy entryway, competitory monetary values, and great cordial reception from service operators and forces. These, when coupled with the well-established fact that Thailand is a brilliant tourer finish with calm beaches and mountains, fascinating humanistic disciplines and civilization, nutrient, amusement, and shopping, make Thailand a great medical touristry finish.The policies and schemes to advance Thailand as a medical hub of Asia1 ) . Most healthcare service suppliers peculiarly infirmaries participate in travel marketplaces, travel carnivals, trade carnival, exhibitions, seminars, conferences. 2 ) . Using advertizements in travel magazines in states with the back uping from the authorities. With the cooperation from the Ministry of Public Health, Tourism Authority of Thailand ( TAT ) , Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Department of Export Promotion ( DEP ) organized these activities for advancing health care services to international markets. 3 ) . Other enlightening stuffs are provided such as booklets, brochures, video-cds, paper bags and jersey with Sons were besides used to make consciousness of the available health care services 4 ) . Some healthcare service suppliers build up cooperation with the local institutes, universities, medical schools in other states to set up coaction in instruction, exchange of cognition and preparation every bit good as to advance their option health care services. 5 ) . Advertising about medical and nonmedical services in both local and international media are used by healthcare service suppliers. The advertizement has to be based on Thai Torahs and ordinances about how to publicize health care services. Media such as magazines, newspaper ( both in Thai and English ) , telecasting etc. are used to aim local people and exiles who work in Thailand.History of DevelopmentModern medical system in Thailand day of the months back over 100 old ages, during the reigns of King Rama III and King Rama IV when American and British missionaries introduced modern medical specialty in Thailand. However, the promotion of modern medical specialty truly took a immense measure during reign of King Rama V and began to lift steadily from so on. King Rama V initiated the thought to establish Siriraj Hospital to suit people ‘s demands for health care. He founded the Royal Medical School that would subsequently put the foundation of modern medical schools. These enterprises led to constitutions of other infirmaries in Bangkok and big metropoliss. His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol of Songkhla was one of the drive forces that have given Thai modern medical specialty its topographic point among that of developed states. HRH Princess Mahidol of Songkhla received certification in Public Health and subsequently graduated M.D. semen laude from Harvard University, USA. He became the innovator in the Thai modern medical specialty and has been regarded as the â€Å" Father of Thailand ‘s Modern Medicine. † Even though he passed off at the early age of 38 due to deteriorating wellness, he has greatly contributed in modern medical specialty of Thailand. His Majesty King Bhumibol has granted permission to set up the Prince Mahidol Award as a planetary award in award of His Royal Highness Prince Mahidol of Songkhla. The Award is granted to persons or organisations around the universe with outstanding work for humanity in the Fieldss of medical specialty and public wellness. During 1950s, many Thai medical physicians graduated or completed their preparation abroad, in the United States in peculiar. In 1970s and 1980s, a big figure of Thai physicians continued their surveies and preparations in the United States. A big figure of medical physicians moved from public infirmaries to work in private infirmaries. At the same clip, many Thai physicians practising or holding medical licences abroad moved back to Thailand to and other states. During this clip, private infirmaries with international accreditation emerged in work in private infirmaries. One of the major drive forces behind the promotion of Thai modern medical specialty is the constitution of the â€Å" Thai Red Cross Society. † During the economic roar of the 1990s in Thailand, as the economic status improved and personal income degree increased, public demand for good quality wellness attention besides increased consequently. Leading private infirmaries expanded their capacity to suit such demand. Harmonizing to the Ministry of Public Health of Thailand, the entire figure of infirmaries increased from 422 in 1991 to 491 in 1997, and the figure of beds more than doubled, from 14,927 to 38,275 during the same period. However, when the 1997 fiscal crisis hit, the domestic market was significantly affected. Personal wellness outgos were curtailed as economic status declined. Private infirmaries had to do up for the loss of their domestic patients by switching their focal point outside of Thailand and ask foring patients from abroad. Because of the local currency devaluation, every bit good as the low labour and other factor costs, the entire monetary value of the medical intervention in Thailand was less than half that in the United States, even after adding in the costs of travel and adjustments. In the face of worsening gross, Bumrungrad Hospital in Bangkok brought in a new direction squad from outside the state to pull off its plan for international patients and to take the infirmary out of its fiscal troubles. Under this new direction, Bumrungrad became the first internationally commissioned infirmary in Southeast Asia in 2002 and pioneered the medical touristry concern. Its 50,000 international patients in 1997 had gone up to 350,000 in 2005. In this sense, the success of medical touristry in Thailand was a typical factor-driven phenomenon, where people traveled to obtain medical services with the lowest cost.3. Industry Introduction ( SWOT Analysis and Development Status )Thailand is one of the best finishs in Asia for health-conscious tourers. The state has been one of the modern-day innovators of Medical Tourism in Asia, with more than a million foreign patients yearly coming to over 956 public and 309 private infirmaries, 7 of which are JCI commissioned ( as of 2010 ) , and 17 of which are in the grapevine. The international patients will hold entree to the rich pool of over 19,000 medical physicians and 100,000 nurses, many of which have undergone preparations in the United States, UK, Germany, Australia, Japan, and other states. It is besides noteworthy that Thailand has been the leader in holistic intervention attacks, including health care, illness bar, interventions, rehabilitative and renewing attention. These attacks have gained greater attending in the western states. Thailand has convenient entree, beautiful tourer finishs, and superior services. Soon, Thailand is able to offer most comprehensive scope of medical interventions to the universe due to many Thai-Physicians have been studied and forte trained as specializer from abroad since 1960.These Physicians moved back to work in Thai private Hospitals and Clinics. So, they are able to freely offer their expertness and specializers to Thai every bit good as alien patients.The most three popular services in medical touristry consist of:Cosmetic and Fictile Surgery such as Breast Augmentation ( Augmentation Mammoplasty ) , Breast Lift ( Mastopexy ) , Nose Surgery ( Rhinoplasty ) , and Liposuction ( Lipoplasty ) Dentistry such as Dental Bonding, Dental Bridges, Dental Crowns, Dental Filling, Dental Implants, and Teeth Whitening Renaissance mans ramping from Blood Vessel System, Bones, Joint and Tendons, Breast, Cardiology, Diagnostics, and General Surgery